Each Sankranti is marked as the beginning of a month in the astronomical solar calendars followed in Andhra Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Punjab, Odisha and Mithila district in Bihar and Nepal. On the other hand, in the Bengali astronomical solar calendar and the Assamese calendar, Sankranti is marked as the end of every month and the next day as the beginning of a new month.

Makar Sankranti: It marks the transition of the Sun into Makara Rashi (Capricorn) in its celestial path and the six-month Uttarayana period. Makar Sankranti is also called Uttarayana, the day when the sun begins its journey towards the north. The traditional Indian calendar is based on the positions of the moon, and Sankranti is a solar event. The date of Makar Sankranti remains fixed in the long run, January 14 or sometimes January 15, when the sun starts rising on Makara Rashi.

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Mesha Sankranti: Marks the beginning of the new year in the traditional Hindu solar calendar. On this day, the Sun enters the astrological sign of Aries or Mesha Rashi. It usually falls on April 14/15. Regional New Year festivals are also celebrated on this day: Vishu in Kerala, Puthandu in Tamil Nadu, Bisu Parba in Tulu Nadu district, Vaisakhi in Punjab district, Panna Sankranti in Odisha, Gud Sheetal in Mithila district in Bihar and the next day. Mesha Sankranti is Pohela Boishak in Bengal and Pohag Bihu in Assam and Sri Lanka.

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Mithuna Sankranti: Celebrated as the annual menstrual phase of Mother Earth as Raja Parbha or Ambubachi Mela in the eastern and north-eastern provinces of India.

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Karka Sankranti: July 16, marks the transition of the Sun into Karka Rashi (Cancer). This also marks the end of the six-month Uttarayana period in the Hindu calendar and the beginning of Dakshinayana, which in turn ends on Makar Sankranti.

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Simha Sankranti: It is celebrated on the first day of the solar month in the Hindu calendar, i.e. Bhadrapada. The festival has special importance in Ramban district of Jammu district. People visit Chandrabhaga River and make flower offerings. He is popularly known as Singh Sankrant. Local traditions trace the origin of the festival to the Pandavas.

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Nol Sankranti: It is celebrated on the first day of the solar month in the Hindu calendar i.e. Kartik (month). It is also called Dhak Sankranti. Sadh Bhokhon or Godbharai is a special tradition for Hindu pregnant women. Hindus believe that rice plants are excessively pregnant from mid-September to mid-October. This is why farmers organize rituals to produce good rice, such as the production of nuclei. Borassus flabellifer seeds are used as prasad. The festival has special importance in West Bengal and Assam.